For other uses, see, "Eesti" redirects here. The 1980 Summer Olympics Sailing regatta was held in the capital city Tallinn. 4. Estonia produces about 75% of its consumed electricity. Other popular languages include Finnish, Spanish, and Swedish.[345]. 289 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<4D7728E418536C44B1DA9417819DCBAF><95042DFFC425A242AE72A4F12270B23A>]/Index[277 20]/Info 276 0 R/Length 69/Prev 18017/Root 278 0 R/Size 297/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream [147] Reformist Vaino Väljas became the first secretary of the Estonian Communist Party, and under his leadership on 16 November 1988, the Estonian Supreme Soviet issued the Sovereignty Declaration, asserting the primacy of Estonian laws over Union laws. [95] The Red Army came within 30 km from Tallinn, but in January 1919, the Estonian Army, led by Johan Laidoner, went on a counter-offensive, ejecting Bolshevik forces from Estonia within a few months. international: country code - 372; landing points for the EE-S-1, EESF-3, Baltic Sea Submarine Cable, FEC and EESF-2 fiber-optic submarine cables to other Estonia points, Finland, and Sweden; 2 international switches are located in Tallinn (2019) [187] In 2005 Estonia became the first country in the world to introduce nationwide binding Internet voting in local elections of 2005. [291], Together with Lithuania, Poland, and Latvia, the country considered participating in constructing the Visaginas nuclear power plant in Lithuania to replace the Ignalina nuclear plant. Found inside – Page 161Code 00 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 CZECHOSLOVAKIA Country Code : 435 Political ... Zala 51 Liechtenstein ESTONIA Country Code : 447 Code Political Subdivision 00 ... [235] Representative body of local authorities is municipal council, elected at general direct elections for a four-year term. The average annual temperature in Estonia is 6.4 °C (43.5 °F). Search by Map. [164] The most common tree species are pine, spruce and birch. The 2-letter codes shown above are supplied by the ISO (International Organization for Standardization). In a similar vein, the corresponding Latvian word Igaunija derives from Ugandi County. Since administrative reform in 2017, there are in total 79 local governments, including 15 towns and 64 rural municipalities. Some historians believe he was directly referring to Balts (i.e., not Finnic-speaking Estonians), while others have proposed that the name applied to the entire Eastern Baltic region. The first argument is a valid ISO Language Code. [301], Between 2007 and 2013, Estonia received 53.3 billion kroons (3.4 billion euros) from various European Union Structural Funds as direct supports, creating the largest foreign investments into Estonia. [citation needed], Estonian literature refers to literature written in the Estonian language (ca. The first licences for private TV broadcasters were issued in 1992. Unsure which region to choose? [180], Estonian parliament Riigikogu is elected by citizens over 18 years of age for a four-year term by proportional representation, and has 101 members. SEPA money transfer is a payment system that simplifies bank transfers denominated in EUR. In circuit racing, Marko Asmer was the first Estonian driver to test a Formula One car in 2003 with Williams Grand Prix Engineering, in other series Sten Pentus, Jüri Vips, and Kevin Korjus (active driver) have enjoyed success on a global scale. Created: Jan. 31, 2014 [280] Because of the rising prices of rare earths, extraction of these oxides has become economically viable. 10 August 2021 at 01:53:27 PM. You can find a full list of these codes at a number of sites like here. Country Codes Digraphs countries ISO 3166 Internet domain names Afganistan Albania Algeria Andora Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Austalia Austria Azerbaijan The Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bhutan Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Brunei Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde … There are 6 national parks, 159 nature reserves, and many other protection areas. Dial country code for Afghanistan: 20. [21] The Scandinavian sagas referring to Eistland were the earliest sources to use the name in its modern meaning. 3. The Estonian Apostolic Orthodox Church, under the Greek-Orthodox Ecumenical Patriarchate, claims another 20,000 members. Found inside – Page ix... Dialing 371 Lithuania Latvia Estonia Moldova 7 7 7 7 372 373 8 + area code + 7 digits 8 + 809 + 7 digits 9 +011 + country code + city code + local No. [169] The duration of sunshine is highest in coastal areas and lowest inland in northern Estonia. Buy EAN-13 barcode numbers (or UPC). [130] In July, the Soviets started a major offensive from the south, forcing the Germans to abandon mainland Estonia in September, with the Estonian islands being abandoned in November. Estonia is mainly a lowland country that is bordered by the Baltic Sea, Latvia, and Russia. [138] Economically, heavy industry was strongly prioritised, but this did not improve the well-being of the local population, and caused massive environmental damage through pollution. NEWEST TRADE DATA! According to the WWF, the territory of Estonia belongs to the ecoregion of Sarmatic mixed forests.[166]. [162] Estonia has numerous fens and bogs. First is the language code ar followed by the country code EG. [311], Modern Estonia is a multinational country in which 109 languages are spoken, according to a 2000 census. [92] Bolsheviks seized power during the October Revolution, and disbanded the Provincial Assembly. [332] While the religiously unaffiliated divided between 9% as atheists, 1% as agnostics and 35% as Nothing in Particular.[333]. The names and codes are used in all of the three databases. JAANUAR, "PC231: POPULATION BY RELIGIOUS AFFILIATION AND ETHNIC NATIONALITY", "PC0454: AT LEAST 15-YEAR-OLD PERSONS BY RELIGION, SEX, AGE GROUP, ETHNIC NATIONALITY AND COUNTY, 31 DECEMBER 2011", "Taarapita – the Great God of the Oeselians. After the collapse of the White Russian forces, the Red Army launched a major offensive against Narva in late 1919, but failed to achieve a breakthrough. In the 1680s the beginnings of Estonian elementary education appeared, largely due to efforts of Bengt Gottfried Forselius, who also introduced orthographical reforms to written Estonian. [119][136], The Soviet Union began Russification, with hundreds of thousands of Russians and people of other Soviet nationalities being induced to settle in Estonia, which eventually threatened to turn Estonians into a minority in their own land. In 1857 Johann Voldemar Jannsen started publishing the first Estonian language newspaper and began popularising the denomination of oneself as eestlane (Estonian). [82] The first nationwide movements formed, such as a campaign to establish the Estonian language Alexander School, the founding of the Society of Estonian Literati and the Estonian Students' Society, and the first national song festival, held in 1869 in Tartu. Soviet repressions culminated on 14 June 1941 with mass deportation of around 11,000 people to Siberia, among whom more than half perished in inhumane conditions. [157] Estonian foreign policy since independence has been oriented toward the West, and in 2004 Estonia joined both the European Union and NATO. Estonia belongs to the Baltic states with Latvia and Lithuania, and it is the smallest of the states both in land area and population. Dial the international access code for your country - (from North America you will need to dial 011; from the UK and other European countries, you will need to dial 00) 2. Renewable wind energy was about 6% of total consumption in 2009. Just click on the location you desire for a postal code/address for your mails destination. Source: International Organization for Standardization. Today, Estonian society encourages liberty and liberalism, with popular commitment to the ideals of the limited government, discouraging centralised power and corruption. Destination Estonia, a virtual guide to the Baltic country on the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland, an arm of the Baltic Sea. The Protestant Reformation led to the establishment of the Lutheran church in 1686. 277 0 obj <> endobj Average temperatures range from 17.8 °C (64.0 °F) on the islands to 18.4 °C (65.1 °F) inland in July, the warmest month, and from −1.4 °C (29.5 °F) on the islands to −5.3 °C (22.5 °F) inland in February, the coldest month. [251], Estonia's economy continues to benefit from a transparent government and policies that sustain a high level of economic freedom, ranking 6th globally and 2nd in Europe. %%EOF 2017 . [312] As of 2 July 2010[update], 84.1% of Estonian residents are Estonian citizens, 8.6% are citizens of other countries and 7.3% are "citizens with undetermined citizenship". [46][47], In 1199, Pope Innocent III declared a crusade to "defend the Christians of Livonia". Ancient Estonians became some of the last European pagans to adopt Christianity following the Livonian Crusade in the 13th century. Estonia has had very good success at the Olympic games given the country's small population. [347] The first primer in the Estonian language was published in 1575. Only a puppet collaborationist administration was established, and occupied Estonia was merged into Reichskommissariat Ostland, with its economy being fully subjugated to German military needs. July 12, 2021 was the day with the highest activity due to 17 reports for phone numbers with the country code +372. [316] According to surveys, only 5% of the Russian community have considered returning to Russia in the near future. The Estonian Academy of Arts (Estonian: Eesti Kunstiakadeemia, EKA) is providing higher education in art, design, architecture, media, art history and conservation while the University of Tartu Viljandi Culture Academy has an approach to popularise native culture through such curricula as native construction, native blacksmithing, native textile design, traditional handicraft and traditional music, but also jazz and church music. [297] Other notable tech startups include GrabCAD, Fortumo and TransferWise. 38. Country Code Language List. Use our interactive map, address lookup, or code list to find the correct zip code for your postal mails destination. In 2012, Estonia remained the only euro member with a budget surplus, and with a national debt of only 6%, it is one of the least indebted countries in Europe. How to call Estonia from United States: 011 - United States exit code to dial first when calling international. The education system is based on four levels: pre-school, basic, secondary, and higher education. [240] Alternative energy sources such as wood, peat, and biomass make up approximately 9% of primary energy production. [202] Estonia held the Presidency of the Council of the European Union in the second half of 2017. [216] Andres Kasekamp argued in 2005, that relevance of identity discussions in Baltic states decreased with their entrance into EU and NATO together, but predicted, that in the future, attractiveness of Nordic identity in Baltic states will grow and eventually, five Nordic states plus three Baltic states will become a single unit. The GDP (PPP) per capita of the country was $29,312 in 2016 according to the International Monetary Fund. The Protestant work ethic remains a significant cultural staple, and free education is a highly prized institution. BC Kalev/Cramo are the most recent champions, having won the league in the 2016–17 season. [8] Because of its rapid growth, Estonia has often been described as a Baltic Tiger beside Lithuania and Latvia. [28], The Bronze Age started around 1800 BC, and saw the establishment of the first hill fort settlements. Estonia is creating a borderless digital society for global citizens as the first country to offer e-Residency. Traditionally, the largest religious denomination in the country was Lutheranism, which was adhered to by 160,000 Estonians (or 13% of the population) according from 2000 census, principally ethnic Estonians. As of January 2021 there are 36 SEPA countries: the 27 member states of the EU, Switzerland, Iceland, Norway, Liechtenstein, Monaco, San Marino, Andorra and the UK. Found inside – Page 441994 , and from the same date it is possible to file international applications designating and electing Estonia ( country code : EE ) . [155], In 1992 radical economic reforms were launched for switching over to a market economy, including privatisation and currency reform. Today, it is one of the largest amateur choral events in the world. [180], The head of the state is the President who has primarily representative and ceremonial role. [303] Main sources of foreign direct investments to Estonia are Sweden and Finland (As of 31 December 2016[update] 48.3%).[304]. The protracted war ended in 1629 with Sweden gaining Livonia, including the regions of Southern Estonia and Northern Latvia. Found inside – Page 18international: country code - 372; fiber-optic cables to Finland, Sweden, Latvia, and Russia provide worldwide packet-switched service; two international ... Does the state guarantee that oil shale reserves are used sustainably? Schedule C - Country Codes and Descriptions Sorted by code The list below shows all countries for which shipments are reportable. Found inside – Page 161Code 07 00 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 CZECHOSLOVAKIA Country Code : 435 ... 95 51 Liechtenstein Somogy ESTONIA Country Code : 447 Political Subdivision Not ... "Rändajad" by Urban Symphony was the first song in Estonian to chart in the UK, Belgium and Switzerland. [385] Traditionally in summer and spring, Estonians like to eat everything fresh – berries, herbs, vegetables, and everything else that comes straight from the garden. Estonia is a developed country with an advanced, high-income economy that was among the fastest-growing in the EU since its entry in 2004. The older folk songs are also referred to as regilaulud, songs in the traditional regivärss poetic metre shared by all Baltic Finns. Found insideEstonian mobile numbers start with 5. To call a mobile phone, simply dial the subscriber's number. From abroad, dial Estonia's country code (372), ... [25], The earliest human habitation during the Mesolithic period is connected to the Kunda culture, named after the town of Kunda in northern Estonia. Argentina. [89], During the 1905 Revolution, the first legal Estonian political parties were founded. [174], Protected areas cover 18% of Estonian land and 26% of its sea territory. Click on any country name for detailed dialing instructions, area codes, telephone books.. How to call or text internationally. [170][171] Introduced species, such as the sika deer, raccoon dog and muskrat, can now be found throughout the country. Country Codes Alpha-2 & Alpha-3 This is a complete list of all country ISO codes as described in the ISO 3166 international standard. [242] Oil shale energy, telecommunications, textiles, chemical products, banking, services, food and fishing, timber, shipbuilding, electronics, and transportation are key sectors of the economy. CountryCode.org is your complete guide to call anywhere in the world. Found insideTELEPHONE There are no area codes in Estonia; if you're calling anywhere within the country, just dial the number as it's ... Estonia's country code is 372. Country Codes. Estonia was Christianised by the Catholic Teutonic Knights in the 13th century. The most typical foods in Estonia are black bread, pork, potatoes, and dairy products. [246] In 2017, the average monthly gross salary in Estonia was €1221.[247]. To call a phone number in Cairo, Egypt, simply: 1. Within Estonia Outside Estonia While the 2-letter system is widely accepted internationally, you also see the 3-letter country abbreviation codes, like CAN for Canada, used by computers and world organizations.Find all the different 2-letter and 3-letter country codes organized by continent. of the last 90 days. However, preparing food for winter is still very popular in the countryside. Found inside – Page 109In towns elsewhere in Estonia numbers have five digits . Mobile / cell phone numbers are the exception to these rules . Estonia's country code when calling ... [48] Fighting reached Estonia in 1206, when Danish king Valdemar II unsuccessfully invaded Saaremaa. In 1343, a major rebellion started, known as the St. George's Night Uprising, encompassing the whole area of Northern Estonia and Saaremaa. Roman Catholics are a small minority in Estonia. 2017. It … 4. AL47 2121 1009 0000 0002 3569 8741. [245], According to Eurostat data, Estonian PPS GDP per capita stood at 67% of the EU average in 2008. Estonia is mainly a lowland country that is bordered by the Baltic Sea, Latvia, and Russia. Estonia has a rich and diverse religious history, but in recent years it has become increasingly secular, with either a plurality or a majority of the population declaring themselves nonreligious in recent censuses, followed by those who identify as religiously "undeclared". AES Compliance Best Practices: On 2 February 1920, the Tartu Peace Treaty was signed between Estonia and Soviet Russia, with the latter pledging to permanently give up all sovereign claims to Estonia. In 2007, however, a large current account deficit and rising inflation put pressure on Estonia's currency, which was pegged to the Euro, highlighting the need for growth in export-generating industries. Estonia has consistently ranked highly in international rankings for quality of life,[17] education,[18] digitalization of public services[19] and the prevalence of technology companies. [372][373] In modern times, Jaan Kross and Jaan Kaplinski are Estonia's best-known and most-translated writers. Since re-establishing independence, Estonia has styled itself as the gateway between East and West and aggressively pursued economic reform and integration with the West. Estonia has a strong information technology sector, partly owing to the Tiigrihüpe project undertaken in the mid-1990s, and has been mentioned as the most "wired" and advanced country in Europe in the terms of e-Government of Estonia. Kelly Sildaru, an Estonian freestyle skier, won the gold medal in the slopestyle event in the 2016 Winter X Games. The time in France is now 11:20:31am Calling France from the United States explained: 011 - international access code; dial first when calling abroad from the US or Canada; 33 - Country Code for France; Phone Number (remove initial 0) - 9 digits; US to France international dialing format: 011 33 ? [348] A wide network of schools and supporting educational institutions have been established. The registered unemployment rate in January 2021 was 6.9%. ", "Indigenous and imported Viking Age weapons in Norway – a problem with European implications", Estonian International Commission for the Investigation of Crimes Against Humanity, Estonian International Commission for Investigation of Crimes Against Humanity, "The formation of ethnically mixed partnerships in Estonia: A stalling trend from a two-sided perspective", "Estonia celebrates the Day of Restoration of Independence", https://www.wto.org/english/thewto_e/countries_e/estonia_e.htm#:~:text=Estonia%20has%20been%20a%20member%20of%20WTO%20since,Communities%20for%20legal%20reasons%29%20in%20its%20own%20right, "Estonia becomes 17th member of the euro zone", "Estonia in the UN Security Council | Ministry of Foreign Affairs", "European Commission – PRESS RELEASES – Press release – Land Use/Cover Area frame Survey 2012 Buildings, roads and other artificial areas cover 5% of the EU ...and forests 40%", "An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm", "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity - Supplementary Material", "Estonian biologists map biodiversity to break the silence", "Uuelt valitsuselt oodatakse korra taastamist looduskaitsealadel", "2019 Parliamentary elections in Estonia", YLE: Viron presidentinvaali on ajautumassa kaaokseen jo toista kertaa peräkkäin – "Instituutio kyntää pohjamudissa", sanoo politiikan tutkija, "Duties of the President of the Republic", "Referendum in the Estonian Constitution", "How a tiny country bordering Russia became one of the most tech-savvy societies in the world", "Estonia is winning the cyber war against election meddling", "Party ratings: Despite opposition status, Reform remains most popular party", "Estonia's prime minister Jüri Ratas resigns, Kaja Kallas asked to form the government", "Estonia becomes the only country in the world led by women", "Estonia to get first female prime minister | DW | 24.01.2021", "Legal Policy Decisions and Choices in the Creation of New Private Law in Estonia", "Courts of first instance and courts of appeal", "Study: Estonian judicial system among most efficient in EU", "Estonian presidency leaves 'more confident' EU", "Estonian Chairmanship of the Baltic Council of Ministers in 2011", "NordicBaltic Mobility and Network Programme for Business and Industry", "NordicBaltic mobility programme for public administration", "Nordic Council of Ministers' Information Offices in the Baltic States and Russia", "Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania 10-year owners at NIB", "World View: German paper outlines vision for EU defence union", "List of OECD Member countries – Ratification of the Convention on the OECD", "Gallery: Estonia gains non-permanent UN Security Council seat", "Ambassador: Successes tend to get ignored in Estonian-Russian relations", "Baltic volunteers guard against threat of Russian stealth invasion", "Defense chiefs decide to move forward with Baltic battalion project", "Nine more nations join NATO cyberdefense center", "Nato sends 'alive and strong' message from Estonia", "Czechs and Belgians take over in latest Baltic air police rotation", "If not now, when? 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